بكالوريوس / Bachelor's

This study is a retrospective hospital-based observational study that aims to assess the clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and factors associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes among tuberculosis (TB) patients in Northern State, Sudan. Data will be collected from existing medical records of patients registered at tuberculosis diagnostic and treatment centres under the National Tuberculosis Control Programme (NTCP). No direct contact or intervention with participants will occur. The findings are expected to provide evidence to improve TB patient management and strengthen tuberculosis control strategies in the region.

Participant confidentiality will be strictly maintained throughout the study. No names, identification numbers, or other personal identifiers will be collected. Each record will be assigned a unique study identification number. Data will be stored in password-protected electronic files accessible only to the research team and will be used solely for research purposes. Study findings will be reported in aggregate form without identifying any individual participant.

Potential Risks: There are no anticipated physical, psychological, social, or economic risks to participants, as the study involves retrospective data collection from existing medical records without any direct contact or intervention. Confidentiality of all participant information will be strictly maintained. However, the research team may encounter logistical risks, including travel between the six localities in Northern State, long distances between study sites, transportation delays or access difficulties, delays in obtaining permission to review medical records, and incomplete or missing medical records that may affect the data collection procqess.

the findings may contribute to improving tuberculosis diagnosis, patient management, and treatment outcomes, as well as strengthening the National Tuberculosis Control Programme (NTCP) and enhancing tuberculosis control strategies in Northern State, Sudan.