دكتوراه / PhD

Hypoxia, defined as a deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues, is a significant challenge encountered in various clinical settings. It is frequently observed in emergency departments, intensive care units, and among patients with chronic cardiopulmonary diseases. Timely recognition and management of hypoxia are crucial to prevent organ damage and improve patient outcomes. [1] The pathophysiology of hypoxia involves complex interactions between the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Its causes include acute airway obstruction, respiratory failure, anemia, and impaired cellular oxygen utilization. The clinical manifestations of hypoxia vary depending on the severity and duration of oxygen deprivation, making early diagnosis essential in patient care. [2,3] Despite advancements in monitoring technologies and oxygen delivery systems, challenges remain in the timely identification and management of hypoxic patients. This thesis explores the mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and evidence-based management strategies for hypoxia, aiming to improve clinical outcomes through early intervention and patient-centered care. By examining the complex nature of hypoxia and the current challenges in its management, this study seeks to provide insights to enhance the quality of care for hypoxic patients in both acute and chronic settings [4]. Additionally, hypoxia is a common finding among hospitalized patients and is defined as a decrease in blood oxygen saturation (typically SpO₂ < 94% on room air). It is associated with various acute and chronic conditions, including respiratory, cardiovascular, and systemic diseases. Prompt recognition and early management of hypoxia in the emergency department (ED) are critical to reducing morbidity and mortality. [4,5] Despite its clinical significance, there is limited local data quantifying the prevalence of hypoxia and its associated clinical profiles. Understanding the epidemiology and clinical patterns of hypoxia can support evidence-based triage, optimize the use of healthcare resources, and improve patient outcomes.

calculated among all clinical presentations during the study period. Underlying causes of hypoxia were categorized, and outcomes were reported accordingly.

Non

Hypoxia, defined as a deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues, is a significant challenge encountered in various clinical settings. It is frequently observed in emergency departments, intensive care units, and among patients with chronic cardiopulmonary diseases. Timely recognition and management of hypoxia are crucial to prevent organ damage and improve patient outcomes. [1] The pathophysiology of hypoxia involves complex interactions between the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Its causes include acute airway obstruction, respiratory failure, anemia, and impaired cellular oxygen utilization. The clinical manifestations of hypoxia vary depending on the severity and duration of oxygen deprivation, making early diagnosis essential in patient care. [2,3] Despite advancements in monitoring technologies and oxygen delivery systems, challenges remain in the timely identification and management of hypoxic patients. This thesis explores the mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and evidence-based management strategies for hypoxia, aiming to improve clinical outcomes through early intervention and patient-centered care. By examining the complex nature of hypoxia and the current challenges in its management, this study seeks to provide insights to enhance the quality of care for hypoxic patients in both acute and chronic settings [4]. Additionally, hypoxia is a common finding among hospitalized patients and is defined as a decrease in blood oxygen saturation (typically SpO₂ < 94% on room air). It is associated with various acute and chronic conditions, including respiratory, cardiovascular, and systemic diseases. Prompt recognition and early management of hypoxia in the emergency department (ED) are critical to reducing morbidity and mortality. [4,5] Despite its clinical significance, there is limited local data quantifying the prevalence of hypoxia and its associated clinical profiles. Understanding the epidemiology and clinical patterns of hypoxia can support evidence-based triage, optimize the use of healthcare resources, and improve patient outcomes.