أبحاث طبية / Medical Research

This hospital-based cross-sectional study aims to determine the prevalence of emergency versus elective cesarean sections and compare their feto-maternal outcomes at Dongola Maternity Hospital, Northern State, Sudan, 2026. A single structured data collection form will be used, primarily from medical records, with supplementary patient interviews to complete missing data. A total of 262 women with singleton pregnancies at ≥28 weeks will be included. Maternal outcomes (blood transfusion, wound infection, bladder injury, endometritis, hospital stay, mortality) and neonatal outcomes (APGAR scores, birth weight, NICU admission, respiratory distress syndrome, birth asphyxia, perinatal mortality) will be compared between the two groups. Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 27.0, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Ethical approval will be obtained, and informed consent will be secured for supplementary interviews. The findings are expected to inform local hospital policies and resource allocation in Northern Sudan.

All collected data will be anonymized using unique study ID codes, with no identifiable information recorded

No Potential Risks

No direct financial benefits will be provided to participants. However, the study will generate locally relevant data on emergency versus elective cesarean sections and their feto-maternal outcomes at Dongola Maternity Hospital. Findings may inform hospital policies, resource allocation, and quality of maternity care, and may support efforts to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in Northern Sudan