بكالوريوس / Bachelor's

My study aims to assess the prevalence of intra-dialytic complications and identify associated risk factors among patients on maintenance hemodialysis at El Gomaih Dialysis Center in Dongola City, Sudan, in 2026. It will use an analytic cross-sectional study design, collecting data on complications and patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics to determine the prevalence of these complications and explore factors associated with their occurrence.

Participant confidentiality will be protected throughout the study. No names will be recorded on the questionnaire; each participant will be identified only by a unique code, and the medical record number will be used solely to avoid duplicate enrollment and will not be entered into the analysis. Verbal informed consent will be obtained, and participants will be informed that participation is voluntary and that they may withdraw at any time without affecting their dialysis care. Completed questionnaires and the electronic database will be stored securely and accessed only by the research team, and results will be reported in aggregate form so that no individual patient can be identified.

Potential risks to participants are minimal. The study is observational and involves no intervention, so participants will receive their usual dialysis care without any change. The only likely burdens are a short time spent answering the questionnaire during a dialysis session and possible mild discomfort from discussing symptoms. Interviews will be conducted during the session, with no extra visits needed. A breach of confidentiality is also a possible risk, which will be minimized by using coded questionnaires without names and by restricting access to the data to the research team. Participants may decline to answer any question or withdraw at any time without any effect on their care.

There is no direct benefit to participants from taking part in this study. Indirectly, the findings will estimate how common intradialytic complications are among hemodialysis patients in Dongola and identify the risk factors associated with them. This can help the dialysis centers recognize high-risk patients earlier, improve monitoring and the prevention of complications during sessions, and support better quality of care. The results may also provide local data for future research and for health planning in Sudan.